How to earn money from goat farming business: In the present times majority among us are on the lookout for ideas to earn fast profits. If you are one of them, you might think of starting of small businesses that requires minimal investments, but deliver more profit. Many people are showing interest in goat farming business to earn good money from it.
A guide to earn money from goat farming in India
These businesses are not only famous here in India, but also across the world. One such business is goat farming which is very cost-effective and one can begin with minimum capital in India. In this post, I am sharing some valuable information and business plan model for moneymaking goat farming in India.
Opportunitie to earn money in goat farming in India
- You are well known that goat meat is extremely widespread across the globe. This is because there are numerous breeds that serve for an outstanding quality meat, such as Boer, Black Bengal, Matou, etc.,
- Then again, goat milk is greatly digestible and rich in nutrients. Breeds, such as Black Bengal, Jamunapari, Sirohi, etc, have confirmed that they are very suitable for this purpose
- Some breeds have wonderfully smooth and excellent quality skins which include Black Bengal, Maradi, etc. These skins have a great value in both, local and international marketplaces
- The Angora and Cashmere breeds produce marvellous fiber
- Lastly, you may sell the goat’s excreta as organic fertilizer to farmers
Commercial goat farming business plan to earn money
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Selecting Breeds
Below are the breeds which you can select and go for the farming.
- You will have to determine in which direction your business is going to take, prior to getting cross breeds or pure breeds appropriate for the purpose
- Note that pure breeds incline to flourish in specific climatic conditions only
- For example, the Sirohi grows well in the hot and dry weather in India
- In case, you interested to have it in different regions of the country, you must opt in for a crossbreed, such as the offspring of an un castrated Sirohi male with a Black Bengal female
- Appeal an expert for selections of ‘goat’ breeds
- Next, analyse the count of males and females you need at your farm. We classify goats as uncastrated males or bucks, castrated males or females or does. You can keep both, kids and adults, on your farm
Goat shed construction plan – land and fencing
There is no specificity as far as selection of land is concerned. But if the land is available in the outskirts the goats will be there in peace. It is preferred to have some greenery in it for a healthy grazing area to your goats. Make sure there is sufficient space for your goats and their caretakers. Since the caretakers must reside there 24 x 7 x 365. The farm should be having well-defined boundary.
The fencing can be done with bamboo sticks, which is not so costly. Alternatively, can also have brick-and-cement wall to your goat’s greater safety.
Constructing a goat shed
It is recommended to house your goats in a spacious, well-sanitized, clean, and hygienic shed and should not leave your goats in the open completely.
- The shed dimensions will depend on the amount of area you have, the cost you are willing to provide and the strength of the goat farm
- To clarify with an example, if you are planning to have 100 goats, you should have a shed with dimensions of 60-70 feet x 18 to 20 feet
- As per the guidelines, every goat is supposed to be placed around 10 square feet.
- It is recommended to construct the walls of the shed with bricks and cement. The goats need proper ventilation
- Depending upon the climatic of your area, you may select a roof made of asbestos (for absorbing heat) or which is constructed by bricks-and-cement
- Though the goats have a house, but they require a yard also for free movement.
- Construct a bamboo fence surrounding shed, with enough space for the goats for morning and evening walk
- One side should have a water reservoir or a cement water tank
- Keep the reservoir filled with fresh drinking water all the time
- A bore well, must be there along with motor or pump, should suffice for fresh drinking water provision
- Your goats need feeding provision as well
- Construct the feed stall with cement, and make sure it lies inside the shed
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Fodder/feed for the goats
- Your goats requires nutritious food, in order to grow well
- With regard to new-born off spring, allow access to mother’s milk minimum of 2-3 weeks as it is very essential for the offspring’s since the colostrum in the milk increases their immunity
- Ten to twelve days post birth, provide them supplementary special kid ration as well
- As they raise, kid goats enjoy extremely moist maize and lucern (green fodder)
- Adult goats relish feeding on the richly green leaves of Subabhul, Pangara, Anjan, Babul beans and Sheyari
- If you are planning for a complete stall-feeding, then make sure your goats receive 3 to 4 kg of green fodder, a couple of kilograms of dry fodder which should be around 200 or 250 grams of the concentrates available
- If the goats are fed in shed (stall-feed) for some period and engage in free range for some time, then divide the above-mentioned measures into half-and-half
- Whatever you feed them make sure the goats could graze naturally as well
- As it is crucial for their digestive systems to function properly and their metabolism is maintained intact
Preparation of silage for goats
If you have the inclination and the patience to do so, you might go in for making silage from green fodder. It will benefit your goats eat high-quality fodder even during the lean season.
- Silage refers to the production of moist, soft, fruity and green material from green fodder
- Bajra (pearl millets), jowar (sorghum),maize, etc, are rich in carbohydrates or soluble sugars
- Cereal fodders (or grasses) and legumes should be in the ratio of 3:1 are good too, as are unwilted leguminous leafy fodders and dry forage should be in the ratio of 4:1
You also require a silo or a container for preparation silage.
- Must have a pit, around 2.5-3.0 m in depth
- It is better to have a dug on an elevated ground
- Make sure enough space is there for the fodder to go in comfortably
- Analyse the feed quantity for your goats based on their count and the duration of feeding
- Line the walls with brick, mortar, or cement, as water must not enter the silo
If you have selected the crop which you are interested to ensile (conserve the green fodder), you may start the process of preparing silage. Do not select them during rainy season, instead it is better to do that when the weather is hot.
- Make sure the selected crop has 30% – 35% of dry matter? If not, allow it for drying for a few hours
- Although the silo with long fodder can be used, chaffed/chopped fodder is preferred
- The addition of 1% urea and salt at 0.5% cereals and grasses, palatability and the nitrogen content could improve
- Addition of molasses of around 3% – 3.5% to grasses aid to enhance the sugar content.
- Make sure the fodder is evenly distributed and rises three to four feet above ground level
- Use manual labor, tractors or bullocks for tramping upon the fodder
- Cover the fodder totally with paddy straw or long grasses
- The covering may be 4-5 inches in thickness
- Your silage will be ready in a couple of months
When grasses and legumes go into conserving (ensiling) of green fodder, we call it as haylage. When we use organic wastes (poultry droppings, bovine dung or litter, swine excreta, etc.) for ensiling, we refer it wastelage
- Perfect silage will exhibit an acidic taste and odor, a pH between 3.5 and 4.2, lactic acid content of 1-2% and ammoniacal nitrogen being lower than 10% of the total nitrogen. There is also lack of butyric acid, sliminess, and moulds
- Good silage will exhibit acidic taste and odor, with pH between 4.2 and 4.5, and traces of butyric acid and ammoniacal nitrogen which is estimated up to 10% or 15% of the total nitrogen
- Fair silage will have the presence of butyric acid, moulds, ammoniacal nitrogen 20% of the total nitrogen along with a pH of 4.8
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Important nutrients for goats
- The rumen of the goat has good number of microbes which synthesises vitamins that are essential and the other ones like vitamin E, A and D should be given through fodder. You can find Vitamin A in yellow maize and in green forage. Vitamins D and E are should be given as supplements
- For kids, you have to feed them with the antibiotics like Terramycin or Aureomycin which improves their immunity as well as their general appearance and most importantly it keeps the kids away from infectious diseases
- Compared to other cattle goats consume higher amounts of feed, especially which is in the form of dry forage, this is due to their higher metabolic rate
- Goats need higher amount of phosphorus and calcium (in a prescribed amount) in order to maintain their healthy bones and to give large amounts of milk. The amount of phosphorus given in their fodder should be 3.5 g/50 kg of body weight and the calcium should be 6.5 g/50 kg of body weight
- Maintain hang-up lumps of salt in the shed, when the goats’ licks salt it is good for their health and the salt removes worms from the stomach
- The balanced diet should be given in a required composition based on the weight of female goat so that it can give the fair amount of milk
Vaccination of goats
Goats are prone to several diseases, such as Anthrax, FMD-Foot and Mouth Disease, contagious pneumonia, other infectious diseases, etc. Hence vaccination is the important step in goat farming business, so they need a vaccination schedule. These are some of the common vaccinations include
- FMD should be given one time in a year that is either in February or December
- Vaccination for Anthrax also should be given once in a year that is either in May or June
- IVRI/CCPP vaccine has to be given once in a year
- For Enterotoxemiathe vaccination should be given either in May or June
- The PPR vaccine is given once in three years
It is recommended to consult a veterinarian for the better growth of your goats.
Expenditure and profit of goat farming
Expenditure for a goat farming business depends on the farming system, selected location and breeds, feeding costs etc. Execution of a good plan, proper care and good management, adequate knowledge on each and every step makes goat farming business profitable. Small scale production requires less investment and profit contributes the regular income whereas large scale or commercial production requires high investment and also other additional costs. The return of investment ratio is very good in this business. There is a huge demand and high price for goat meat in both local and international markets. Hence one can also export their products for more profits.
Costs involved in goat farming business
The costs involved in goat farming business starting with 50 female goats and 2 male goats.
Cost of one female Sirohi goat is Rs. 6000, so for 50 goats it costs Rs. 3,00,000.
Cost of male Sirohi goat is Rs. 7000, so for 2 male goats it costs Rs. 14,000
Costs involved for land and shed construction is Rs. 1,0,000.
Costs involved for chaff cutter is Rs. 20,000.
Costs involved for feeding is Rs. 1000 per feeder hence for 2 feeder it costs Rs. 2,000.
Costs involved for water pots is Rs. 200 per pot so for 3 pots it costs Rs. 600.
Costs involved for feed of 52 goats and the kids is Rs. 1,45,000.
Costs involved for the vaccination and other medicines are Rs. 7,500.
Costs involved for labor charges is Rs. 25,000.
Charges for electricity and water is Rs. 5,000
Other miscellaneous charges include Rs. 5,000.
Total costs involved for the goat farming business of 50 female and 2 male goats is Rs. 6,24,100.
Profit calculator for goat farming business
Fixed investment is the one-time investment cost that is not included in the profit in this project report because every business needs the beginning investment.
Total sale of the animal (for 50 goats (25 kg per goat), costs Rs. 250 per Kg)
So, total weight for 50 goats is 50×25 = 1250 Kg
1 Kg of goat meat costs Rs. 250, so the cost for 1250 Kg= 1250×250 = Rs. 3,12,500 per 6 months.
So, for one year = Rs. 6,25,000.
Other sales like milk and manure from goat farming = Rs. 1,00,000 per 6 months.
So, for one year = Rs. 2,00,000.
Total sales = 6,25,000+2,00,000 = Rs. 8,25,000.
Total profit = Total sale of Animal cost – (total cost of feed + total monthly expenses)
Total Profit = 8,25,000– 6,24,100 = Rs. 2,00,900.
Make a note that the profit might alter according to the market rate of feed and the meat value.
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